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電子元器件分銷行業發展現狀及趨勢(一)
2023-03-31
1516

電子元器件分銷行業目前發展情況  

 

(1)電子元器(qi)件應(ying)用設(she)計(ji)是電子元器(qi)件產業(ye)鏈中(zhong)的重要一環

目前,隨著科(ke)技(ji)快速(su)進步,下(xia)游電子終端設備及(ji)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類逐步智能化且(qie)多樣化,細分(fen)應用場景日漸豐富,電子元(yuan)器件的(de)(de)類型與技(ji)術也隨之越來(lai)越復雜。與此同時(shi),下(xia)游電子產(chan)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)造商(shang)的(de)(de)個性化、差異(yi)化、定制(zhi)化需(xu)求不斷提高,然而上(shang)游設計制(zhi)造廠商(shang)難以滿足下(xia)游客戶不斷增加且(qie)日趨復雜的(de)(de)需(xu)求,電子元(yuan)器件分(fen)銷商(shang)在(zai)其中發(fa)揮著不可(ke)或缺的(de)(de)作用。

 

在此背景下,通過分銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)的(de)渠道,上游(you)設計(ji)制造商(shang)(shang)能夠(gou)將大(da)部分市(shi)場(chang)開(kai)拓、產(chan)品(pin)推廣和技術(shu)支持服務交給分銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng),從而集中精力在產(chan)品(pin)和技術(shu)的(de)研發上面,以及(ji)集中資源服務頭部電子產(chan)品(pin)制造商(shang)(shang)。同時,上游(you)設計(ji)制造商(shang)(shang)可以從分銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)中獲取更(geng)精準的(de)客(ke)戶需求(qiu)預測(ce),協助(zhu)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)產(chan)品(pin)和技術(shu)的(de)設計(ji)工(gong)作,以應(ying)對日(ri)漸復雜的(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)以及(ji)日(ri)新月異的(de)技術(shu)變化趨勢。

 

由于(yu)(yu)頭(tou)部電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)具有較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場話(hua)語權,在(zai)采(cai)(cai)購電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)元器(qi)(qi)件(jian)時(shi),對于(yu)(yu)設計(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)能(neng)(neng)力以及應對各類(lei)應用場景能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求越來越高。因此,上(shang)游設計(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)原(yuan)(yuan)廠需(xu)要技術(shu)支持能(neng)(neng)力較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強且經驗豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分銷(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),協助其更(geng)好地服(fu)(fu)務(wu)上(shang)述客戶。相較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)于(yu)(yu)頭(tou)部電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),訂(ding)單規模較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)需(xu)求種(zhong)類(lei)繁多的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)小型電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)元器(qi)(qi)件(jian)分銷(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)代理產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)線能(neng)(neng)夠為(wei)(wei)其提(ti)供完善(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)解決方案(an),節省逐一尋找上(shang)游原(yuan)(yuan)廠采(cai)(cai)購電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)元器(qi)(qi)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本。同時(shi),面(mian)對技術(shu)實力相對較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)小型電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),上(shang)游設計(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)需(xu)要電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)元器(qi)(qi)件(jian)分銷(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)能(neng)(neng)夠為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)小型電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)提(ti)供全面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯片應用設計(ji)及技術(shu)支持服(fu)(fu)務(wu)。

 

(2)電(dian)子元器(qi)件分銷商(shang)在電(dian)子元器(qi)件應用領域中的重要作用

電子元器件(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)品數量眾多(duo)且(qie)種類繁多(duo),但不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)電子元器件(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)品所承(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)的(de)技(ji)(ji)術復(fu)(fu)雜度(du)(du)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)。電容、電阻、電感等被動元器件(jian)(jian)的(de)技(ji)(ji)術復(fu)(fu)雜度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)低,而 FPGA、SoC、ASIC、GPU 等芯(xin)片所承(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)的(de)技(ji)(ji)術復(fu)(fu)雜度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高,且(qie)可開發程(cheng)度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高。以芯(xin)片為例(li),由于所承(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)的(de)技(ji)(ji)術復(fu)(fu)雜度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高,在下游電子產(chan)(chan)品中的(de)應用難度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)大,需(xu)通過一定程(cheng)度(du)(du)的(de)應用設計來實現某(mou)種特定功能。因此,下游電子產(chan)(chan)品制造(zao)商(shang)對(dui)于芯(xin)片應用方(fang)案設計與技(ji)(ji)術支持(chi)方(fang)案的(de)需(xu)求較(jiao)(jiao)大。

 

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)產(chan)業(ye)鏈中扮(ban)演(yan)著(zhu)樞(shu)紐的(de)(de)(de)(de)角色,銜接(jie)上下(xia)游的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求,是產(chan)業(ye)鏈中的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組成部(bu)分(fen)。傳統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)解決上下(xia)游產(chan)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)購的(de)(de)(de)(de)差異、訂(ding)單規(gui)模的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)匹(pi)配、供貨訂(ding)貨周期(qi)和信(xin)用賬期(qi)錯位等問題,充當(dang)產(chan)業(ye)鏈中的(de)(de)(de)(de)潤滑劑(ji)。然而,隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品(pin)(pin)日(ri)趨多(duo)樣復雜,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用技(ji)(ji)術復雜度不(bu)斷提升,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)產(chan)業(ye)需要(yao)具(ju)備一定技(ji)(ji)術實力的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)推動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)下(xia)游電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品(pin)(pin)中更好(hao)地應用,促進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)在(zai)(zai)產(chan)業(ye)鏈中流通。技(ji)(ji)術型(xing)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)性日(ri)益凸顯。

 

技術(shu)型分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)能夠為上(shang)(shang)游(you)電子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)器件(jian)設計制(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)提(ti)供(gong)技術(shu)支(zhi)持(chi)服(fu)務,結合下(xia)游(you)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)應用需求開發(fa)電子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)器件(jian)產(chan)品,從而(er)(er)促(cu)使電子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)器件(jian)在下(xia)游(you)電子(zi)(zi)產(chan)品中(zhong)(zhong)應用,更(geng)好(hao)地發(fa)揮其價值。另(ling)一(yi)方面,這類分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在行業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)深耕多年,對上(shang)(shang)游(you)電子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)器件(jian)設計制(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)能夠提(ti)供(gong)豐富的(de)(de)(de)下(xia)游(you)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)資源,對下(xia)游(you)電子(zi)(zi)產(chan)品制(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)能夠提(ti)供(gong)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)營銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)方案及服(fu)務。其次,這類分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在產(chan)業(ye)鏈中(zhong)(zhong)充當(dang)一(yi)定程度上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)傳遞的(de)(de)(de)角色;對于(yu)下(xia)游(you)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)而(er)(er)言(yan),分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)為其提(ti)供(gong)產(chan)品和技術(shu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi);對于(yu)上(shang)(shang)游(you)原廠(chang)而(er)(er)言(yan),分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)協(xie)助進行專業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)市場推廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)同時為其提(ti)供(gong)下(xia)游(you)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)需求信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)。

1)電子(zi)元器件(jian)分銷商對上(shang)游原廠的具體(ti)作(zuo)用

 

電子元(yuan)器(qi)件分銷商的上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)設計(ji)制(zhi)造廠(chang)商具有(you)集中(zhong)度高(gao)的特點(dian),市場(chang)份額集中(zhong)在少數大規模公(gong)司手中(zhong)。然而,下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)應用(yong)領域及應用(yong)廠(chang)商數量眾(zhong)多,電子元(yuan)器(qi)件產品的采購需求多樣化,上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)廠(chang)商自(zi)行開拓(tuo)(tuo)和服務下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的難(nan)度及成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)較高(gao)。通過搜集匯總(zong)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)訂單、客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)需求訂單等信(xin)(xin)息,分銷商統一向上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)廠(chang)商進(jin)行采購,并承擔上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)廠(chang)商的市場(chang)開拓(tuo)(tuo)、產品營銷、技術支持等工作(zuo)。上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)廠(chang)商從(cong)而能(neng)夠(gou)降低市場(chang)開拓(tuo)(tuo)與維護成(cheng)本(ben)(ben),集中(zhong)資源在產品和技術開發上(shang)面。與此(ci)同時,分銷商在與下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的接觸中(zhong),掌握了大量客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)需求、技術難(nan)點(dian)、市場(chang)發展趨勢(shi)等重要信(xin)(xin)息,能(neng)夠(gou)為(wei)上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)廠(chang)商提(ti)供有(you)效的、有(you)價(jia)值(zhi)的下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)市場(chang)信(xin)(xin)息,協助其完(wan)成(cheng)產品和技術的定位(wei)、設計(ji)、開發等工作(zuo),促進(jin)上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)廠(chang)商的研發工作(zuo)。

 

2)電子元器件分銷商對下游(you)客戶的具體作用

電(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)設計制造廠(chang)商(shang)(shang)出于(yu)(yu)成(cheng)本(ben)考慮,通(tong)常會(hui)生(sheng)產銷(xiao)(xiao)售標準(zhun)化芯片產品,但眾多下(xia)(xia)游(you)客(ke)(ke)戶存(cun)在個性化、定(ding)制化產品和服(fu)務(wu)需求,故較(jiao)多上游(you)原廠(chang)難以與下(xia)(xia)游(you)眾多中(zhong)小型客(ke)(ke)戶實現無縫對接。電(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)能(neng)(neng)夠從立項評估階段(duan)開(kai)始介(jie)入客(ke)(ke)戶的(de)開(kai)發(fa)工作,通(tong)過提(ti)供技術及(ji)應用支持服(fu)務(wu),為(wei)客(ke)(ke)戶提(ti)供需求分(fen)析、技術性能(neng)(neng)匹配、工藝穩定(ding)性、供應穩定(ding)性、產品選型、采(cai)購方案(an)等服(fu)務(wu),并提(ti)供具有(you)較(jiao)高適配度的(de)解決方案(an)。具備雄厚的(de)技術實力(li)和豐富產品應用經驗(yan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang),能(neng)(neng)夠幫助下(xia)(xia)游(you)客(ke)(ke)戶縮(suo)短(duan)產品開(kai)發(fa)周期以及(ji)開(kai)發(fa)成(cheng)本(ben)。同時,電(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)分(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)的(de)規模效應,有(you)助于(yu)(yu)增強向上游(you)原廠(chang)采(cai)購的(de)議價能(neng)(neng)力(li),其下(xia)(xia)游(you)客(ke)(ke)戶能(neng)(neng)夠獲得高性價比的(de)物(wu)料組合(he)。

 

(3)電子元器件分(fen)銷服務(wu)向專(zhuan)業化方(fang)向發展、向數字化方(fang)向探索

傳統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)主(zhu)要(yao)以(yi)提供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)營銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)為(wei)主(zhu)。隨著下(xia)游(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)領域(yu)快速(su)智能化(hua)發展,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)復(fu)雜(za)度(du)越(yue)來越(yue)高,并(bing)且應用(yong)場景不斷豐富(fu),專業(ye)化(hua)應用(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)要(yao)求持續提高。因此,傳統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)逐(zhu)漸難(nan)以(yi)滿(man)足(zu)上(shang)(shang)游(you)原(yuan)廠和下(xia)游(you)客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)服務(wu)(wu)需求。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)紛(fen)紛(fen)投入資金和人(ren)力,大(da)力發展專業(ye)化(hua)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)增(zeng)(zeng)值(zhi)服務(wu)(wu),從而(er)能夠(gou)為(wei)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)游(you)廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)提供技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)支持服務(wu)(wu)。一方面(mian),長期深耕于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)市場的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)積累了豐富(fu)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)和應用(yong)設計(ji)經驗。基于(yu)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)積累,這類分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)開(kai)始為(wei)下(xia)游(you)客(ke)戶(hu)提供包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)選型、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)支持、產(chan)品(pin)(pin)應用(yong)設計(ji)等多種(zhong)增(zeng)(zeng)值(zhi)服務(wu)(wu),同時也為(wei)上(shang)(shang)游(you)原(yuan)廠的(de)(de)研究開(kai)發提供技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)支持服務(wu)(wu)。另(ling)一方面(mian),隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)廣(guang)泛應用(yong)且優勢凸顯,部(bu)分(fen)(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)紛(fen)紛(fen)搭(da)建自己的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)平(ping)臺,從而(er)提高產(chan)品(pin)(pin)信(xin)息的(de)(de)透(tou)明度(du)以(yi)及(ji)及(ji)時性,從而(er)提升分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)效率(lv)。

 

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